Ableism Unchecked: A Literature Review of Disability Misconceptions in Computing Education
Yasmine N. Elglaly, Ryan Critchlow, Kristen Shinohara, and Catherine M. Baker
To appear in Proceedings of the 28th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2026), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, October 2026
Nominated for the Social Impact Award
Little work has examined how accessibility education affects students' assumptions about disability, or the ableist framings that can coexist with reported empathy and knowledge gains. In the first of two studies, many of 53 students' reflections from a Computer Systems course activity on assistive technology showed knowledge gains and critical engagement, but a considerable portion also contained unsubstantiated claims about assistive technology, deficit-based language, and erasure of disabled people's agency. The second, a review of 35 accessibility education papers reporting attitudinal outcomes, identified six ableist categories, such as exclusion of disabled participants and normalization of inaccessibility, in intervention designs, evaluation instruments, study framing, and reported student data. The paper recommends explicitly teaching disability bias, designing evaluation instruments that detect disability misconceptions, and adopting disability-centric, reflexive research practices.
My contribution: Coded all 35 papers in the review corpus against a codebook the research team had developed iteratively, and helped identify six recurring patterns of ableism. A second researcher reviewed a subset for consistency. This is my first conference presentation.
Supported by the National Science Foundation under Award Nos. 2121549, 2121606, 2121428, 2439816, 2439817, and 2439818.